Shakira, The Singer Essay -- essays research papers

There ar many famous people around the world, and some of them are the singers. The singers are very important for the people thanks to their music. One of the persons that most people like because of her own style of music is the Latin girl Shakira. convey to all the things she did as a kid, and to all the things she is going to do, she has become a star that we, the people who know her, love. Shakira has done a lot of things since she was a child to become the famous person she is now. She was born in Barranquilla, Colombia on February second, 1977. At the age of 8, she wrote her first song, and by 13 she signed a record grapple with Sony Music in Colombia, which resulted in her first album, Magia (Magic). She wrote all the songs for this album and all the songs for Peligro (Danger)...

Plasma: The Power of the Sun :: physics science plasma fusion energy

As we enter the 21st century the average humans life is dictated by the production and quantity of capacity. This energy is produced in many different forms, from fossil fuel to hydro and solar power. Though this production of energy has sufficed up till now, a realization has occurred that the depletion of our current sources is imminent. As a result of this energy crisis, a race to find an alternative energy supply has been put forth. Through blood plasma coalescencys nearly inexhaustible supply of fuel, its lack of greenhouse gases and the amazing spin-off technologies that have developed through plasma research, it is the answer to the current energy crises. coalescenceTo understand the technology behind plasma fusion, fusion itself must be understood. Fusion is the combining of two or more atoms of low mass, which are initially attracted to each other, to form one atom of greater mass. When two atoms combine to form a single atom, they have fused. This fusing releases a larg e amount of energy with respect to the amount of mass and energy that was initially put into the reply. This combination releases energy in the form of light and heat.Energy is created in a fusion reaction through the loss of atomic mass from the beginning to the end of the reaction. The mass of the two atoms is significantly more than the mass of the new atom, which they fused in concert to form. This loss of mass is subsequently converted into pure energy in the form of light and heat. The reason for this amazing discovery is that mass is just a concentrated form of energy. This understanding between the relationship of mass and energy was discovered by Albert Einstein and illustrated in his famous equation E=mc2, where E is energy, m is mass, and c is the speed of light. Through this equation the amount of energy held within a mass can be determined. In a plasma fusion reaction between two hydrogen atoms the decrease in mass is about 4x10-29 kg. This mass is then converted to en ergy, equaling 23.9 MeV. To appreciate the order of this result note that if 1g of hydrogen is converted to helium, the energy released would be worth about $70,000 (Physics for scientist and Engineers 1276). FissionIn a fission event an example of a reaction at an atomic level is an (A)tomic-bomb. The A-bomb harnesses the power of an atom through an uncontrolled reaction.

English Coursework: Macbeth Essay -- English Literature

English Coursework MacbethIn this essay I will be discussing who is responsible for the end of top executive Duncan In Shakespeares play Macbeth.The main character in the play, Macbeth, murders King Duncan. However,I feel that he was not totally to blame. I believe that two LadyMacbeth and the three witches played a part in his death and thisshould not be overlooked.The three witches are all sisters. We first meet the witches in thevery first scene of the play when they are on the heath casting aspell. Shakespeare sets the mood of the play by having them on themoor in the thunder and lightening. This creates a feeling of evil.This is where the witches first mention Macbeth.Where the place? Upon the heath. There to meet Macbeth.The witches first meet Macbeth in scene three of act integrity when he isriding home after being one of the heroes in the war. He is withBanquo when he bumps in to the three ugly sisters. Macbeth is amazedto hear the witches prophecy. They divine that he wi ll be the Thaneof Cawdor and will go on to be King.All hail, Macbeth Hail to thee, Thane of CawdorAll hail, Macbeth That shalt be King hereafter.This stuns Macbeth because he knows that the Thane of Cawdor is stillalive.He doesnt understand how he will become King of Scotland either. Hewants to know more from the witches.Stay, you imperfect speakers, tell me moreBy Sinels death I know I am Thane of GlamisBut how of Cawdor? the Thane of Cawdor still lives,A prosperous gentleman and to be king,Stands not within the prospect of belief,The witches prophecy has ready the idea of becoming king into Macbethsmind. He starts to think about it and how it can become true. By th... ... Act 1 Scene 7. But his wife forces him to do the deedby saying that she will leave him if he does not kill him. So thatshows that he would not have done it unless his wife (Lady Macbeth)had peril to leave him.He then kills the king but it is all thought out by his wife so thathe will not fit caught. Showing t hat it is that wife that wants it tohappen more than Macbeth does.In conclusion I would like to say that I think that lady Macbeth is atmost error because Macbeth would not have done it if Lady Macbeth hadnot of forced him. But it is true that she would not have got the ideaunless Macbeth had heard it from the witches. I dont feel thatMacbeth is at any blame because as I have said he would not have doneit unless his wife had forced him. I also feel that the death of KingDuncan was half Lady Macbeths fault and half the witches.

Asserting Masculinity in the Cultural Context of Camp :: Sociology Essays Research Papers

Asserting Masculinity in the Cultural Context of Camp Summer camp is an important annual experience in umteen childrens lives. Some kids choose to continue with camp long past their camper years and become counselors. A program, the Camper in Leadership cookery (CILT) program, exists within the camp structure as a leadership program designed to educate kids, aged fifteen through seventeen, on how to become good counselors. Each session typically concludes with a closing campfire, which the priapic CILTs extinguish after the females have left by urinating on the embers. This folk ritual, affectionately cognise to the CILTs as pissing out the fire, is employed by the male CILT folk group as a strategy that allows them to reassert power, to reaffirm the solidarity of the all-male group, and to regain their masculinity, which has been alter within the camp environment, before leaving the shelter of that environment. During this transitional period, the CILTs anticipate returning to the larger social world and are socializing themselves accordingly. These kids experiences with g ceaseer individuality at camp mirror Barrie Thornes point that gender is socially constructed and highly contextual (Thorne 10). This folk ritual allows these boys to regain their gender identity, the identity by and large accepted by the outside culture, as they prepare to re-enter mainstream society. The program is an emotionally challenging one apart from teaching the foundations of counseling skills, the CILT directors encourage an inauguration of ones true self that often involves breaking down the gender fronts kids bring with them. Thorne argues that boys social relations tend to be overtly hierarchic and competitive (92). The program does not encourage this type of social interaction. Rather, the program chooses to emphasize the emotions in personal relationships and self-disclosure typical of girls social relationships (94). After two weeks of learning, sharing, and i ncrease within the camp context, the males social relations operate similarly to the females because there is no threat of being socially outcast for adopting the behavior values of the opposite gender. That is to say, the males have become bicultural along gender lines. Just as teasing (as Thorne points out) dissuades cross-gender interaction, social pressure outside camp plays a similar role in limiting males expression of things seen as feminine, such as sharing feelings (54). For an age group faced with many social anxieties, extinguishing the fire at the end of the session is an essential tool of anticipatory socialization used to recreate the male gender identity necessary for acceptance in the outside male social world.

Minority Movements Essay -- Politics, Civil Rights Movement

During the 1900s many minority and ethnic groups including African Americans, Mexican Americans, and Women wanted to prove that they deserved commensurate rights, freedom of speech, the right to sexuality preference, and jibe treatment for women. They formed several organizations under dandy leaderships during these figureheads in order to civil rights and equality. Along with bang-up leaders, powerful organizations, and dedicated supporters, African Americans, Mexican Americans, and women were adequate to(p) to successfully obtain many rights despite uninterrupted opposition. This looks like a strong thesis, but I am a bit puzzled how great leaders, powerful organizations, and dedicated supporters also obtained rights. The sentence is rather confusing as it stands now. You may want to revise to indicate that these were instrumental in helping the cause. Then, if you ar going to talk about them, that topic should come first in your discussion. African Americans were in unif orm pursuit of equality through the civil rights gesture that began in the 1940s (Roark 843). They fought against racial discrimination, segregation laws, and for the right to vote without prejudice. Discrimination led to exclusion from belonging to professional sports teams (Roark 843). During the post war era in 1947, a man by the name of Jackie Robinson became the first African American to play major league baseball within an integrated team called the Brooklyn Dodgers (Roark 843). know as a sports pioneer of the civil rights movement, he led the Dodgers to six national league titles and one outstanding World Series despite constant harassment from white players and fans (Roark 843). Several civil rights leaders emerged during this movement (Roark 680). Dr. Ralph David... ...is president? If you sincerely desire to forward the interest s of all people, why do you oppose the national enfranchisement of women (Scott 24)? The president could not respond. The president made a Pro suffrage speech for the women who protested and the next year Congress passed the nineteenth Amendment giving women the right to vote in the year of 1918(Scott 24).All three minority groups used activities such as demonstrations to voice their opinions and stances to gain equal rights in America. Along with African Americans, Mexican Americans /Chicanos continued to be represented among the poor, and gradually won more political offices, effective enforcement of anti discrimination legislation, and greater maintain for their culture (Roark 915). Mexican American like African Americans rejected traditional politics in favor of direct action (Roark 914). Minority Movements Essay -- Politics, obliging Rights MovementDuring the 1900s many minority and ethnic groups including African Americans, Mexican Americans, and Women wanted to prove that they deserved equal rights, freedom of speech, the right to sexuality preference, and equal treatment for women. They formed se veral organizations under great leaderships during these movements in order to civil rights and equality. Along with great leaders, powerful organizations, and dedicated supporters, African Americans, Mexican Americans, and women were suitable to successfully obtain many rights despite constant opposition. This looks like a strong thesis, but I am a bit puzzled how great leaders, powerful organizations, and dedicated supporters also obtained rights. The sentence is rather confusing as it stands now. You may want to revise to indicate that these were instrumental in helping the cause. Then, if you are going to talk about them, that topic should come first in your discussion. African Americans were in constant pursuit of equality through the civil rights movement that began in the 1940s (Roark 843). They fought against racial discrimination, segregation laws, and for the right to vote without prejudice. Discrimination led to exclusion from belonging to professional sports teams (Roar k 843). During the post war era in 1947, a man by the name of Jackie Robinson became the first African American to play major league baseball within an integrated team called the Brooklyn Dodgers (Roark 843). cognise as a sports pioneer of the civil rights movement, he led the Dodgers to six national league titles and one outstanding World Series despite constant harassment from white players and fans (Roark 843). Several civil rights leaders emerged during this movement (Roark 680). Dr. Ralph David... ...is president? If you sincerely desire to forward the interest s of all people, why do you oppose the national enfranchisement of women (Scott 24)? The president could not respond. The president made a Pro suffrage speech for the women who protested and the next year Congress passed the nineteenth Amendment giving women the right to vote in the year of 1918(Scott 24).All three minority groups used activities such as demonstrations to voice their opinions and stances to gain equa l rights in America. Along with African Americans, Mexican Americans /Chicanos continued to be represented among the poor, and gradually won more political offices, effective enforcement of anti discrimination legislation, and greater admire for their culture (Roark 915). Mexican American like African Americans rejected traditional politics in favor of direct action (Roark 914).

Minority Movements Essay -- Politics, Civil Rights Movement

During the 1900s many minority and ethnic groups including African Americans, Mexican Americans, and Women wanted to prove that they deserved concern rights, freedom of wrangle, the right to sexuality preference, and tinge treatment for women. They formed several organizations under great leaderships during these movements in order to civil rights and equality. Along with great leaders, decent organizations, and dedicated supporters, African Americans, Mexican Americans, and women were able to successfully obtain many rights despite constant opposition. This looks like a strong thesis, but I am a bit puzzled how great leaders, correctly organizations, and dedicated supporters also obtained rights. The sentence is rather confusing as it stands now. You may want to revise to request that these were instrumental in helping the cause. Then, if you are going to talk about them, that topic should come first in your discussion. African Americans were in constant spare-time activity o f equality through the civil rights movement that began in the 1940s (Roark 843). They fought against racial discrimination, segregation laws, and for the right to vote without prejudice. Discrimination led to exclusion from belonging to master sports teams (Roark 843). During the post war era in 1947, a man by the name of Jackie Robinson became the first African American to play major league baseball game within an integrated team called the Brooklyn Dodgers (Roark 843). Known as a sports pioneer of the civil rights movement, he led the Dodgers to six national league titles and one undischarged World Series despite constant harassment from white players and fans (Roark 843). Several civil rights leaders emerged during this movement (Roark 680). Dr. Ralph David... ...is president? If you sincerely desire to forward the amuse s of all people, why do you oppose the national enfranchisement of women (Scott 24)? The president could not respond. The president made a Pro suffrage speech communication for the women who protested and the next year Congress passed the Nineteenth Amendment giving women the right to vote in the year of 1918(Scott 24).All three minority groups used activities such as demonstrations to voice their opinions and stances to gain equal rights in America. Along with African Americans, Mexican Americans /Chicanos continued to be represented among the poor, and gradually won more political offices, in force(p) enforcement of anti discrimination legislation, and greater respect for their culture (Roark 915). Mexican American like African Americans rejected traditional politics in favor of propose action (Roark 914). Minority Movements Essay -- Politics, Civil Rights MovementDuring the 1900s many minority and ethnic groups including African Americans, Mexican Americans, and Women wanted to prove that they deserved equal rights, freedom of speech, the right to sexuality preference, and equal treatment for women. They formed several organizations under great leaderships during these movements in order to civil rights and equality. Along with great leaders, powerful organizations, and dedicated supporters, African Americans, Mexican Americans, and women were able to successfully obtain many rights despite constant opposition. This looks like a strong thesis, but I am a bit puzzled how great leaders, powerful organizations, and dedicated supporters also obtained rights. The sentence is rather confusing as it stands now. You may want to revise to sign that these were instrumental in helping the cause. Then, if you are going to talk about them, that topic should come first in your discussion. African Americans were in constant pursual of equality through the civil rights movement that began in the 1940s (Roark 843). They fought against racial discrimination, segregation laws, and for the right to vote without prejudice. Discrimination led to exclusion from belonging to paid sports teams (Roark 843). Dur ing the post war era in 1947, a man by the name of Jackie Robinson became the first African American to play major league baseball within an integrated team called the Brooklyn Dodgers (Roark 843). Known as a sports pioneer of the civil rights movement, he led the Dodgers to six national league titles and one outstanding World Series despite constant harassment from white players and fans (Roark 843). Several civil rights leaders emerged during this movement (Roark 680). Dr. Ralph David... ...is president? If you sincerely desire to forward the kindle s of all people, why do you oppose the national enfranchisement of women (Scott 24)? The president could not respond. The president made a Pro suffrage speech for the women who protested and the next year Congress passed the Nineteenth Amendment giving women the right to vote in the year of 1918(Scott 24).All three minority groups used activities such as demonstrations to voice their opinions and stances to gain equal rights in Am erica. Along with African Americans, Mexican Americans /Chicanos continued to be represented among the poor, and gradually won more political offices, in effect(p) enforcement of anti discrimination legislation, and greater respect for their culture (Roark 915). Mexican American like African Americans rejected traditional politics in favor of pose action (Roark 914).

Real time inforamtion Essay

Real time development provides up to date transportation arrival study for passengers waiting at airport, bus-stop or address station. They display the number of minutes that passengers can expect to wait before the arrival of their required transportation. On boarding into it the RTI unit displaces and announces its next station, or stop. How does RTI works? Real time learning (RTI) unit works by sending a signal from one place of transportation services to RTI sign utilize satellite and radio communications. The signal from the vehicle is used to locate it along its route.A computer system uses this information to predict how long will the move be. The data is dispatched every 30 seconds and the location of the vehicle and its estimated time of arrival are set accordingly. There are RTI signs currently located in the local anesthetic bus services all around London. Countdown is an electronic information display system that gives people waiting at bus stops real-time informat ion on bus arrival times. The increasing use of information technology and electronic communications has raised travellers Expectations on the provision of transport information.Increasingly a printed timetable at a bus stop falls short of the mark, and passengers now expect relevant, accurate and timely information to allow them to make informed decisions on travel choices. Real time information displays at bus stops and stations are highly valued by passengers as they provide reassurance on the time they will have to wait for their next bus. Displays at bus stops along a route can display both the predicted and schedule arrival times, as well as provide supplementary messages to inform passengers of exceptional delays or service information.Such systems usually base their predictions on the developed locations of vehicles combined with timetable database. For example if we want to look up for the train to go Kingston station this afternoon, in the network rail website we can find a number of information, by means of postcode or the name of the station, subsequently we can also obtain the entire information, of arriving and departing of the train. We can also find informations about what route we want to take for it has shown the full map view of the particular place starting from the station.It has also given us information about the slate fare and also includes various information, such as ticket fare for pick up and off seasons, means to buy the ticket online. All the way through network rails website can get information about the tram services that goes around other big cities in the UK such as Birmingham, black pool, Croydon, Manchester, Nottingham and Sheffield. Further more, if we need a fast journey it also provides information about the tube services in antithetic areas around London such as Docklands Light Railway Glasgow Subway ,Liverpool Underground London Underground ,and metro.

Relationship Conflict Resolution Model

About a month ago, my girlfriend (whom I will refer to as Kelly) and I were not getting along very well, and I attri plainlyed our difficulties to a mounting mess of unresolved disputes from our past. So I invited Kelly to sit down and talk some our problems. Kelly mirthfully accepted. We agreed to take oneness resentment at a time, and talk each one through before moving the next. We ate dinner together, sit down on her couch and faced each other. I encouraged Kelly to have this talk between us, so I respectfully let her pick off an issue hat is bothering her to talk nearly.It was difficult to hear about a problem that she has used against me many times already and I had hoped that she Just forgot about it But I sucked it up and listened anyway. The festering resentment that Kelly had been lugging around every day for over 3 years started when she had discovered explicit text messages on my phone between me and other woman. I tried to Justify my dirty-talk with this woman by b laming Kelly for rejecting me in the worst way imaginable. I had witnessed Kelly having sex tit another man Just after we had started dating.Kelly k virgin I was there, but she was so caught up in her own pleasure and enjoyment that my existence was no more noteworthy than a fly on the w altogether. Kelly ignored everything I did and said as I attempted to get her chip what she was doing, and continued having sex with him until she became satisfied. I was whole devastated and overwhelmed with rejection. I could have left Kelly after what she had done. But I felt that if I can forgive her for this then I will hold all of controlling cards in our relationship.So I chose to stay with her, and see how things go I expected Kelly to suck up to me, kiss my ass, and make up for her actions in every way she possibly could But that never happened. Kelly ignored it and never even gave me the chance to express my feelings of betrayal and devastation to her about it. Consequently, I let the r esentment build up in me over time, mainly because I lacked assertiveness, so I buried my feelings to avoid conflict and reliving that dreadful event. So when Kelly initially confronted me about my text messages with this other woman,I responded to it by becoming defensive, trying to Justify my actions by blaming her for betraying me with another man. I tried to make her view that my bearing was the result of her actions. I tried to make her believe that my interest in another woman was all her fault and that my dirty little secret was solely talk and not sex, and against me. Ultimately, I felt entitled to do whatever I wanted because she had cheated with another man and she did it overcompensate in front of me. Since then, I have tried to figure out what it is that I had done prior to Kellys actions hat may have influenced her choice to reject me that way.I started to realize allot of things about myself while progressing through psychological treatment, and through this process I have practiced expressing empathy, sharpening my listening skills and I have been doing much better with each new skill that I have learned. But as I continued to use each new skill in my daily life, I could not avoid feeling somewhat coercive when I used empathy and assertiveness at times with Kelly. I had been purposely thinking out how to use the right tone if voice, overlapping ententes and using memorized feeling words Just to show empathy Inconsequently, my new communication style started to feel somewhat rehearsed, fake and coercive to me I knew I was saying the right things, but I started to feel that sometimes my words were liking real meaning and sincerity Speaking to people as if I were following directions from a book about how to communicate. But this particular sit-down talk with Kelly turned out to be more positively material than any other talk that we have ever had. Everything that I have learned in therapy has been a benefit to my relationship with Kelly , and everyone else in my life for that matter..But reflecting adventure a few months, before having this conversation with her, I realized that I still hadnt been able to sort of tie it all together and use everything that I have learned so far without thinking too much about communication styles and details. I have been using listening skills, expressing empathy, taking accountability, and modifying my demeanor more and more each week, and I have taken every opportunity to use each new skill as much as possible. But I have recently realized hat I was only getting better at using each skill single-handed from the others.Toward the end of our conflict resolution talk, I felt the greatest sense of relief in our relationship to see how happy Kelly was becoming as our conversation progressed. I had not realized how powerful of an impact that genuine empathy and listening to her every word would have on both of us. I believe that I actually felt the same pain that she had felt when she rea d those words on my phone. It was overwhelming.. I felt a brick in my deliver made of betrayal and devastation s Kelly expressed the embarrassing details of my dirty text messages.She had said these same words to me before, describing her heartache over it, but I must have Just blocked her words out or I interrupted her in selfness and denial each time . The feelings at heart of me made the event seem much more significant than I had realized. I could see it the way that she had experienced it but this time, the event upon me was very rudimentary and I was taken over by guilt and shame. Truly understanding and experiencing Kellys feelings caused emotions inside of me that kook control of my body language.I forgotten about my own resentments. I tried to hide my emotions, because I felt that have no right to cry over the pain that I had inflicted on her, but I couldnt stop the tears.. Kelly, moved to my side, laid her head on my shoulder and wrapped her arms me. This was the first time that I had ever been successful in expressing pure empathy. This one particular dispute was resolved, but the scar will last forever. But Kelly and I now share this scar and we view our remaining unresolved disputes as teammates from the opposing dugout.

Five Forces Analysis: Adidas

Five Forces Analysis Intensity of Competitive Rivalry There argon several firms fiercely competing Adidas for more market office, including Nike, Puma, Reebok and Umbro to name a few. Adidas must ensure that their goods ar of a high quality and at a reasonable price in order to keep their market share in this industry. Intensity in this industry is high as there are a large number of compositions with similar products all trying to move in market share. Threat of Entry to the Industry by New CompetitorsThere isnt very much of a threat of stark naked competitors to Adidas as there are high barriers of entry to this industry, such as, high set up costs, economies of scale, legal barriers, marketing barrier and control over raw materials. This means that not more new organisations could break into this industry, as it would be very expensive to start up and run a company that could be a threat to a major brand such as Adidas. Also, Research and Development costs are to be conside red, as they would be extremely high due to the organisation not having any previous knowledge ab knocked out(p) the industry or about designing and producing the goods.Another point why it is highly unlikely that a new organisation could enter the industry and compete with Adidas is they will either have to pay out loads of money on factories and machinery for producing their goods, which could backfire if they were not to succeed, or they could try to compete without a factory or machinery for production, this wouldnt work as the new organisation wouldnt be able to produce ample products to compete with any leading brands such as Adidas, Nike, Puma, Reebok etc.Threat from Substitute Products or Services There is a threat to Adidas from other manufacturers products as there are many companies that produce football game boots. However, Adidas produce football boots that have whimsical features, such as the rubber pads on the boots. Therefore, as Adidass products are unique they h ave an edge over their competitors as non of their products have rubber pads on their boots. This will help Adidas to grapple more products and ultimately put the other organisations out of business.Also, substitutes for football boots could also include footwear and sports clothes for other sports as people could take up new sports. Power of Suppliers Adidas raw materials to make football boots are not supplied by a monopoly. This gives Adidas more power to consecrate the price at which they buy their raw materials, as there are a large number of competitive suppliers. Power of Buyers Adidass products are mainly sold in bulk to major sports outlets such as JJB Sports, JD Sports and Sports Soccer.Also, large amounts of products are sold in bulk to online stores such as Pro Direct Soccer and Sports Shoes. As Adidas rely quite heavily o these buyers they have to sell their products at relatively low prices. However, there are a small amount of customers who buy products directly fro m Adidas, when Adidas sell their products to one off customers they can dictate the price as Adidas dont rely on making these sales.

How easy is it for Jews to keep their covenant with God in the Modern world? Essay

Jews be people who follow the religion of Judaism. Tradition each(prenominal)y Jews trace their beginnings to Abraham ( to the highest degree 18 centuries BCE). In their daily prayers, Jewish people chaffer to mind the patriarchs (fathers) of their faith. One of the most chief(prenominal) events in the Jewish history, known as the exodus-took place under the leadership of Moses. Jews celebrate this each grade in the Passover festival (Pesach). After their escape, the Jews wandered the desert for 40 years, before they reached the promised land of Israel. It was in the desert that they received the Torah through Moses.The Covenant with God is Jews agreeing to do what He wants, and He will give in return. The 10 commandments is an example of this. It is the summary that God gave Jews to follow. History says that they were written on stones that Moses brought down from rebel Sinai, according to the Torah. There are two accounts of the ten sayings. The Ten Commandments describe peop les duty towards God and each other. Moses to a fault received the Torah, a holy book, on mount Sinai on his journey from Egypt to the promised land. This trip was one of the most important events in Jewish history, when they escaped from slavery, leaded by Moses. Jews celebrate this every year as the Passover festive.Food is very important in their daily lives. Jews strike all sorts of foods to celebrate different festivals and different measures of the year. In addition, all food Jews eat has to be Kosher. This means that certain laws govern the buying, preparation and eating of food. They cannot eat milk and meat products together. Here are some examples of cosher laws* Animals must have cloven hooves and chew the cud.* Poultry may be eaten but not birds of pray.* Fish must have fins and scales and a backbone.Shabbat is another important festival, involving food. They have special breads, meats and wines. A prayer has to be made before the lighting of the candles and the start of Shabbat. The woman of the house normally performs this. Shabbat is the time between Friday old and Saturday sunset. Its a family day on the Sabbath. You cannot do any work when Shabbat starts of before it ends. It is supposed to a stress free day with your family.Jews like to canvass themselves a big family. They like to get together and have meals and its a big part of their faith. They claim that without their families, Judaism wouldnt have survived. Through their children they go on beliefs, knowledge and routine. Mothers teach about recipes and generally the children are brought up to be Jewish.To show that they are Jewish, they have a Bar Mitzvah when they obtain of proper age. A boy is considered as mature at 13 and a girl at 12. Therefore its when the ceremony is taken place. You can also recognize strict male Jews by their large sideburns and, all strict Jews, their black clothing. You can convert to be Jewish by spending time in a synagogue with a Rabbi, learning abo ut the Jewish faith. Then you have to present yourself in front of a panel of Rabbis.The influences of the holocaust, or Shoah, are still shown a great deal today, There are still some people in the world that believe what Hitler believed in and assemble for was right. Some people in the Jewish community are still not very fond of making a huge deal about their religion as it may start up buried hates and start new feuds.As the world changes, it also changes into something much harsher for religious communities. As in that location are so many different beliefs and stories about God there are obvious opportunities for arguments to be made. The state of Israel is poor. The richer countries like the United Kingdom and America, have been trying to put right the fighting between the Palestinians and the Jews, which is mainly over religion and land. As Israel is considered the holy land, to me it seems its is ridiculous to fight in such a holy place.I think it is quite hard for Jewish people to keep their covenant with God in the modern world because there are so many rules within their religion. There are many Jews now do not keep to all the rules around the Jewish faith and simply do as much as they can in the modern world.

Illegal Immigrants

For years now, the issue concerning illegal immigrants in the United States had been the subject of a heated debate. It has not only polarized Americans but has even elicited some rather emotional reactions from some sectors of society. There are those who favor granting legal status to illegal immigrants. Some, however, vehemently oppose the idea, claiming that legalizing undocumented aliens could be the worst catastrophe that could happen to the United States of America.A review of the arguments presented thus far, however, would lead one to the conclusion that the best run for the rural would be to grant legal status to the illegal immigrants now residing in the country. In the first place, these people some of whom have already been in the country for more than two decades have been great contributors to the economy, performing jobs that White Americans either do not want or cannot fill. As Griswold (2004) said, the economy of the country is endlessly creating low-skilled job s which could not be filled by American workers.He cited two reasons first, Americans are getting older because of a rather low people growth rate, and low-skilled jobs usually demand younger, hardworking, manual workers second, Americans, who have lately become better educated, are now going for the high-skilled, higher-paying jobs, leaving not enough men to tend to the low-skilled jobs. Even American businessmen appreciate the availability of these illegal immigrants for such low-paying jobs.Another argument in favor of legalization is its humanity and kindness. in one case these people involve legal status, they could work for better economic condition. Their legal status would enable them to move freely and look for better jobs which would enable them to acquire more benefits like health insurance and pension plans. In other words, legalization would eventually humanize these illegal immigrants. After what they have done and bear on to do for the national economy doing the dirty jobs that Americans simply cannot do they certainly deserve to be treated like human beings (Griswold, 2004).ReferenceGriswold, D. (2004). Legalization is the way. Cato Institute. Retrieved November 8, 2007from http//www.cato.org/ search/articles/griswold-041024.html

Poverty Measurement Essay

When measuring pauperization avoid including any particular normative position, concerning the weighing of various poor groups interest and instead it reports on changes in want as a result of linking various normative position and ordinal conclusion when measuring need. This means that for any particular system to be depended good in measuring want, it should involve the inspection and analysing of various aspects of the poverty in order to come up with a genuine report on the poverty. The measure of the economic status of any individual is usually based on what is consumed, and what one earns in terms of income.An analysis of various individual in a society, and including each of the individuals shares in a given habitation, gives the economic welfare of the people. (Lister 2004). Although it is attainable to measure the welfare of a star sign, challenges are encountered in trying to determine the household income because of the individual do not like giving details on wha t they earn. This is usually as a result of the possible illegal earnings, which when known can be taxed and because many of the small earnings are ponderous to measure.The assets value keep changing thus making it hard to measure the income. This these challenges have made the consumption based measures of living standard to be preferred instead of the income based measures, since the poor people have change income. The consumption based measurements require a total calculation of all goods in a household which are considered durable, including the interest which the goods have generated and the depreciation of the fact in question within the year of estimating the poverty. (Michael, 1999).This is because an individual can be in a state when he or she cannot provide for all needs, unless it happens that some needs are catered for, and this shows that various households may have a alter order of preference, thus what one considers to be a basic need, readiness not be a basic n eed to the other household. However with this kind of measuring, all assets are thus included in the poverty measure. A calculation of value and depreciation of every good that is considered to be durable in a household. Housing services are also included in this method of measuring poverty.This is determined by considering the amount paid as rent. This method of ascertain the poverty take is considered the amount paid as rent. This method of determining the poverty level is considered to be more accurate since a minimum expenditure that an individual requires to reach the level of utility is shown. (Renata,2000). This method accesses some(prenominal) the worth of the consumed goods in terms of their prices and the household characteristics, thus making it easy to determine the amount required by a certain household to border a certain utility level.The method is measuring poverty is considered to be more detailed since by just determining the income of a household without check ing the household characteristics and expenditure cannot give the real living standards of a household, since some household are large in size than other, having incorporating various individuals. To explain this better, lets take two different household, one, being small in size, and the other one large in size. The two households may be having a uniform income, but the smaller household testament have less consumption compared to the larger household.If one household contains individuals who are all working, then the consumption will be shared and thus lower compared to household with many dependants and few working individual. At the same time, the individuals in a certain households have varying needs, with some needs requiring more capital than others. This means that when measuring poverty each individual in a household should be considered and this is got by dividing the household expenditure with the total number of individuals contained in the household. The household con sumption determines the household place in the poverty.A poverty line is the minimum standard at which an individual attains his or her basic needs. The poverty line can vary from household to household depending on pricing and the geographic composition of the household. (Ravallion 1998). The relative poverty line is used in identifying poor individuals but they their effect vary depending on the countrys development level. This is because a $1 per day poverty line will have meaning in countries with poor living standards but not applicable in countries with higher living standards.The sheer(a) poverty line is usually fixed over time unlike the relative one and in order to have poverty rate comparisons using absolute poverty line similar absolute line need to be used in both. Thus the monetary method of determining the poverty level becomes ineffective in many ways. (Baulch 1996). The method neglects the multidimensional poverty nature, and neglects different characteristics of ho usehold, whereby it considers only income based poverty line to identify the poor.The method does not consider the various needs of different people, whereby the healthy should be considered better off in terms of resources as compared to the sick and disabled. According to monetary method of determining poverty level, there is absolute poverty and anybody whose income is below US$1 a day is poor and relative poverty which relies on the poverty line, and is conglomerate with the proportion of average income in a given country. The head count index of determine poverty is easy but cannot determine the depth of poverty line. Ulme & McKay 2005).The poverty Gap index shows the location of an individual in terms of distance from poverty line. It involves the average measure of all people of the gap amid those of poor standard and poverty line thus unable to capture the inequality which exists among the poor. The squared poverty gap weighs the total poverty gaps and considers the weight is considered proportionate to the poverty gaps. Poverty profiles examine the poverty patterns in a society showing major poverty and inequality facts.

Review of Kelly and Kulman’s Article Kid Power

The article chosen for review is Kid Power by Katy Kelly and Linda Kulman, U. S. intelligence operation World Report. It was posted on September 5, 2004. The article discusses the psychology and marketing that is accomplished by study companies. Advertising companies spend over $15 billion a year telling kids what is hot and what they get hold of to buy. Kids are surrounded with carefully researched messages and marketing telling them what to do.The parenting style has become more flexible and less(prenominal) authoritarian in the last 25 years. All this tiny consumers in United States leave alone differentiate logos at the age of 18 months and by 2 children will ask products by tell on name. It should be noted that a child will watch 40,000 commercials every year and some parents report that the babys first words was not mama or dada but degree centigrade. United States with only 4. 5 percent of the population buys 45 percent of the global toy production.Ameri drive out kids will get an average of 70 new toys a year. Kids will influence the family decision buying power of parent by 670 billion worth of purchases, small items such as which snacks to buy and large items as a SUV for the family trips with the kids. If we compare the military budget in United States is 418 billion, much smaller than the kids buying power. thither is a strong opposition to this barrage of advertising by many fronts.That is why marketers count on kids to nag parents to the point of purchase. The American Psychological Association added its voice to that of the American Academy of Pediatrics is describe that advertising is directed toward children and is deceptive and exploits children under age 8. Also, the APA says that before the age of 4 or 5, kids can not distinguish between a show and a commercial. In the future most promising we will see legislation to curve the limit on advertising to children.

HUnting laws

*Hunting Laws and Regulations* Ive never re whollyy paying(a) attention to who makes the laws for hunting to be honest Ive only only when followed thern The Colorado Parks and Wildlife Commission Is a citizen board, chosen by the Governor, which sets regulations and policies for Colorados state parks and wildlife programs The Colorado Parks and Wildlife Is who enforces the laws that the commission makes, there job s to protect, preserve, enhance, and anage wildlife for the use of the peck of this state.There are several types of hunting totallyowed In Colorado much(prenominal) as Archery, Rifles, quip loading, shot gun. And lust about every type of mammal can be hunted In regulauon wapiti, mule deer, black bear, mcvuntaln lion, antelope, bighorn Desert Bighorn, moose, mountain goat and whitetail deer, bobcat, fox, coyote, and badger. There Is also birds such as Partridge, dove, grouse, quall, chucker, turkey, duck, geese, ptarmigan, snipe, and many other irds dont feel Ilke n aming.GRANGER LAWS athttps//donemyessay.com/ch-16-apush/I understand why some people are against hunting, I And some people only see the stereotype a think Its just a bunch ot banjo strlnglng rednecks going Rambo on Bambis mom. But there are several laws and regulations keeping all hunting sate and even necessary to keep species size under control. have hunted all my lite. and lwe learned most ot my lite lessons sitting on the cold ground with a 30. 6 in my hands waiting tor an elk to pass by.So hunting is a part ot me. my family doesnt hunt to just garbage down an animal, every piece of meat we eat is either a cow from our pasture or elk we consumeed during hunting season. That is the meat we eat all year, so even though I know why we hunt and why its not bad understand why some people think it cogency be barbaric. Im also not saying that some people dont disrespect the right to hunt and kill anything they see, Just like ant-hunters think.

Children Parents and Family needs Essay

E1 Explain the necessarily of families which may require master resist.Families may stool a variety of needs, in which they need professional com correcter backup. Families with a large number of nestlingren may non leave the required amount of living space, this could mean that baberen argon sharing beds, or p a rents atomic number 18 not dormancy in a room. Children go forth lack of sleep ar proven to concentrate less and turn out slower. Families that argon suffering with poverty may not be fitted to afford a family or afford to pay the bills. This is where the family en certainlyness gain financial provoke very much(prenominal) as lodgment benefits, their council tax exit be paid for them leaving them to pay for water, gas and electricity.sometimes this help nonoperational isnt enough so families go without heating or hot water convey they arent jibeing their basic care needs. Within the community there bequeath be many areas that will offer families in this state of affairs help. They let in, received explode centres, food banks, the church and other families. Families in this situation benefit from living in an inclusive community, where the area is safe and free of crime, be it anti-social behaviour of elders or racial harassment. Most areas generate community support officers that the sm every(prenominal) fryren will impersonate introduced to in school or when out on the streets playing. If a family is youngborn to the area and are of a polar culture they may struggle to gain help, due to harassment, or lack of communication, be it language problems, or no phone. currency incurms to be the main cause of both(prenominal) of the needs that require help.E2 Explain the issues which may lead to tensity in families.There are many issues which may lead to or cause stress in a family, these nominate include, bereavement, wise reachs, a disable family member, unemployment and poverty. Bereavement has a huge impact on electric s depleterren as well as adults however tikeren codt always show that they are universe affected. Bereavement will affect the family in different ways depending on who has passed on. If the deceased is a unbendable main family member, much(prenominal) as a sibling or a main carer the child will be affected hugely, this will have an effect on their whole routine. This could be because they are employ to looking that person, or they are use to that person looking after them.A new arrival layabout cause stress by dint ofout the family, amidst the primary carers and between siblings, maybe even between children and carers. A deflower causes stress between on the whole relationships in a family. The primary carers may offset to argue this is because the child has taken over their day they may locomote tiered meaning their temper changes and arguments crop up. The other children in the family may feel left hand out and start to resent the new arrival. This ta il cause older children to start misbehaving and younger children may hurt the new baby.A disabled family member will cause stress between the family members, this could be through others interfering, or members feeling left out. When a disabled family member needs a fold of care and attention it takes over the families routine. When the main carers become unemployed it causes stress between them and throughout the family. A change I routine stub affect all the family as well as the person becoming unemployed. If that persons income was used to pay bills then the family may become homeless, they may have to live in a nurture or even worse the streets. Poverty causes stress on all the family they will start to let by back on privileges, this can cause bullying in schools when mufti-day is concerned.E3 Explain the role of parents in childrens play and identify appropriate resources and toys.The parents role is to keep the child safe and kick the bucket them many play opportuniti es throughout the day. This will differ and change regarding the childs age and abilities. The child will develop at their avouch speed meaning that they will need different resources to pull ahead development. It is believed that children fix better(p) through play so neglecting the child of play is potentially stopping the child from accomplishment healthily.It is important that the resources are age appropriate for the children this is for health and safety mostly due to dwarfish parts which may lead to choking. It is important that the toys are formulateing properly too, as if the toy is hypothetical to talk out loud and flash the child will not be getting the most out of the toy and will lose interest meaning they will not develop. In the number 1 few months of a babys life, when they cant sit up or flump up objects babies like things that sing and move such as mobiles. It is trade advantageously to look for mobiles with high-contrast colours and patterns. umpteen babies are particularly fond of mobiles that play music.Small hand held toys such as rattles are legal at this age as they will learn if they move their hand they are making the noise. Having salving music or nursery rhymes playing when interacting with the child will allow the parent to see how the baby responds to music. Babies like to see their own refection so a plastic mirror allows them to play safely. Soft books with sensory(a) sections are good for babies to explore, at this age it is usually with their mouths instead of their fingers however if its noisy they will scrunch the book to make noise.As they get older (6 months) the baby will have new needs and parents should fulfil them to the best they can. Babies enjoy play mats and activity bars. These usually contain toys that dangle in a higher place the child of are around the child when they are lying down this will encourage carnal development. Activity bars are good for playing on the move in cars or in prams. Ted dys become more of a comfort if the child has it constantly so that when they are going somewhere different they have a home comfort which is familiar to them. Rubber toys such as ducks will allow children to chew and explore whilst providing entertainment when squeaking if being gripped. Thick voteless board books will allow children to help try and turn pages and they will enjoy listening to the spirit level as well as looking at pictures.At 12 months the baby will start to move more they will have gain a lot of strength in their harness and legs and toys such as large building bricks push and pull toys sorting and nesting toys climbing gyms balls crayons ride on toys kitchens and picture books.E4 Describe the benefits of communication between children, parents and practitioners.It is beneficial to children, parents and practitioners to have good communication and a professional relationship. This can be good because sometimes parents feel left out and feel they are not making decisions on their childs life. These decisions can be what they do, what they eat, whether they learn about different cultures if they are complicated in lessons such as sex education and lessons involving celebrations such as Christmas and Easter. If a family had a different cultural background their beliefs may be different, meaning that their family may not extremity them to learn or take part in festive activities.Some cultures have certain food that they cant eat this is important that it is shared with setting so that we can respect their wishes and uphold their religions to the best we can. By respecting the family practitioners can keep the consistency of care the child is receiving at home. Meaning confusion is unlikely. Practitioners should have good relationships with the children in their setting, if that child is one of their key children it is important that the practitioner builds a relationship of trust so that the child can come to them with any problem or diffi culty they may be having.Communication can be in person, however sometimes parents do not have the uniform language as we do so in this case letter form in their buzz off tongue is useful. My setting have a baby book that they send home each wickedness giving the parent the training they need such as what they have wearye, what they have eaten, their bowel movements, how much they have slept and if they have had any injuries, they will also be given a copy of the misadventure form.E5 controvert skills and strategies which are effective in keep families.There are many ways in which settings can support families effectively. Setting can support families by communicating with them as and when needed they can keep them updated on their childs progress and what is happening by, text, email, letter, newsletter and some will do it in person. Families can also communicate with settings so that they can request they support they need. This can be for a short period of time or long ter m due to the seriousness of the issue. Providing fit resources such as books or tosh air holes will mean that the setting is accompaniment the family help the child learn at home.This is by allowing children to take home stories to read or by giving them the story sack so have a play with. Story sacks can help when the child is learning a new story such a little red riding hood. In the sack will be toys that will allow them to play and re-enact the story. They can sometimes be given mathematics activities and games if the child is lacking in a certain area making their learning fun for all the family. Settings can also introduce new go to the family if they require extra help these can include family support officers, social workers and psychiatrists. This can be for many reasons but will be initially to support the family.E6 Describe the types of support and information available to parents and families. C1 Evaluate the types of support which will enable parents to meet the ne eds of their children-We have defined family support as all services which aim to promote family wellbeing by improving relationships in families and improving standards of living.(Bruce.T. pg 32 2007) Childrens centres were providing a grand range of such services home visiting, parenting courses, drop-ins, support groups, family learning activities, adult education and employment support. There are numerous amounts of support and information available for families. This will differ according to required help.All families will have support workers however not all of the families will have social workers. Social workers are used for families that may have difficulties, such as child with disabilities or families where a parent is in or equitable out of prison or families where the child is lacking in development massively. Families will be offered sure start places, where they will learn new strategies and will be able to talk to other new parents. This is also good for the babies as they can interact with each other and learn how to play and share. The sure start centre by me offers mingle and munch with stay and play from 9.15am- 11.30 followed by bring your own lunch and eat at the centre from quarter to twelve to twenty five minutes prehistorical twelve.There is also a stay and play group for two hours on a hebdomad day afternoon. They offer families early child care which is affordable, employment and training for families with young children family support such as home visits, support for parents, information and guidance on parenting and specialist support for families. They offer health services Anti natal advice, midwife sessions, dental care, speech therapists, breastfeeding, health and safety and help with full-blooded lifestyles. Sure start centers have many positive points these being, local flexibility, services including outreach and home visiting, family support and good quality play, learning and childcare facilities. Some negatives are t hat some people feel sure start is there to help people that are lacking in care for children, so they are put off.A toy program library lends or hires out toys, puzzles, and games, functioning either as a term of a contract shop or a form of family resource program. Toy libraries offer play sessions for families and a wide range of toys appropriate for children at different stages in their development. Toy libraries provide children with new toys every hebdomad or two, saving parents money and keeping children from getting bored. Positive reasons for toy libraries are that they allow families to rent and borrow toys so that the children can play with their new interests this can also allow them to develop composition the parent saves money to buy them new age appropriate toys to help them develop also some children have short interests so to buy the toys would be a waste if they only get vie with once.A child I fare took an interest in dolls and prams, so they borrowed one from the toy library which he played with twice and has never shown interest again. Negatives, is that sometime its a struggle to get to the library some parents may be put off as they think its not clean and it looks like they cant provide for their children. If it is a puzzle maybe there are pieces missing, this should be checked but may have been missed. Some children cant borrow what they want as others already have, and if they brake the toy that child misses out.E7 Explain the role of the practitioner in supporting families-The role of the practitioner in supporting families is to give them all the help and advice you can. When doing this it is important that practitioners respect the codes of secludedity both ways not speaking about what they have been told unless it is a concern and not telling them information they dont need to know, this could be about other children, parents or staff. The practitioners seam is to care for the child and insuring their welfare is paramount. T hey will do this by observing the child on a regular basis.This is the most important job. To do these practitioners will attend meeting to discuss anything they have concerns about, be it their health or development. If their concerns are put further they will have to attend multi-agency team meetings which will have other professional in to discuss what should happen with the child. The Children Act 1989 has influenced setting by obstetrical delivery together several sets of guidance and provided the foundation for many of the standards practitioners sustain and maintain when on the job(p) with children.(Meggit, pg376 2012) The Act requires that settings work together in the best interests of the child and that they form partnerships with parents /carers. It requires settings to have appropriate adult child ratios and policies and procedures on child protection. This Act has had an influence in all areas of practice from planning a curriculum and account book keeping.D1 Describ e how the practitioner can recognise when children and adults may be experiencing problems.The practitioner can recognise problems with children if they have looked after them for a long time the children are very familiar to them. They will notice if the child is unhappy or troubled, this can be shown through behavior, lack of interest, be it food or activities. A child will also show their problems through observations this can be attitude and behavior changes. If the child has emotional stress they will show it through crying, or sometimes through playing, it could be shown in the role play area or adept in chit chat with their friends. They will see problems in adults in various ways. If the family are starting to have financial problems this may be shown through cheques bouncing. If there are other problems at home, parents may come in looking upset, tiered, and hot and bothered. Practitioners can tell a lot by someones body language and their facial expressions.D2 Discuss TWO (2) strategies which parents can use for promoting positive behaviour in children.Parents have a range of different strategies for promoting positive behaviour these include reward maps and time out. Reward charts can be for numerous reasons meaning you can reward them for doing more than one thing. This promotes all types of positive behaviours like using manners, eating all their lunch, tidying their toys, not having an accident, and going to bed at night. The idea is that once they have filled their reward chart they can do something they enjoy. It is important not to take the stickers off them as they will think they are never going to fill it. All theorist believe in praising and rewarding good behaviour.Time out is an effective way of disposing of bad behaviour this is done usually by the like rules. 1st telling the child that it is unwanted behaviour and it is not acceptable, 2nd warning the child that if they do it again they will be put on time out, and 3rd following thr ough and move them in time out. Parents will then go to them after the correct time and ask them for an apology, if they justify properly it is suggested that they have a kiss and a cuddle to show that they have been forgiven. However if they dont apologise they should remain in time out till they realise their behaviour is unacceptable. some(prenominal) child behaviour theorists support this such as Jo Frost.B1 Analyse some key issues for professionals working(a) in support of families.The key issues for all professionals are building a trusting relationship with the families this is not just with the parents but with the children too, this is so that they can talk to them in confidence about any troubles and concerns they may have when they are given the information practitioner must not break the trust and be confidential with the information unless they feel it needs to be looked in to. Practitioners need to make sure they are not showing any judgements on the family, if judg ments are made and are spoken this could lead to the relationship flunk and communication dropped if this happens in a setting we cannot make sure the childs welfare is ok. talking to barriers can occur in different ways, these being if they speak a foreign language and if they dont have an education in your area of profession such as telling a parent you are an EYP will be like talking to them in French they wont understand. It is important to be clear to all the family and all the other professionals involved. If the multi-professional team is involved in supporting the family there can be many issues the family have, they may become confused as although they are working to the same aim they are pushing their own area of work more, however this might not be the best option for the child.The parents of the child will become overloaded with information and they may become confused. Families working with the multi-agency team will have many areas of professions working alongside eac h other to get the child on the right tracks however all the areas are completely different so they will be asking a lot all at once. This will be a lot to take in and parents may feel like there is too much to do.A1 Reflect on the benefits to children, parents, families and practitioners from working in partnershipWhen parents are working in partnership with practitioners it mean they are working towards the same aim as each other. This is important as children are easily confused. If parents are involved in planning it means that they know what is happening in their childs life at nursery, this is good if the child is too young to talk or has communication problems. It is important to have a good, but professional relationship with the family members of the child in your care, as a practitioner we need to know what is happening in the childs life at home so we can meet their individual needs, this will be done as and when it is needed. We need to be aware of what they are able to do, regarding religious beliefs and cultural backgrounds.This is important when we are cooking for the children too we also need to be unploughed up to date with any medication they are on, any food allergies, what they are allowed to eat and what they arent. Sometimes parents feel they need to compete with the childs key worker as they both have a strong bond with the child. This is usually when a child is in the care of a practitioner for most of the waking day. If parents have concerns they should speak to the key worker and they can put into place an activity, where they are showing pictures of their family and teaching them who they are, for example mummy and daddy. Parents can be resentful towards the setting if the child does something profound in their care, such as first words or first steps. If practitioners are working in partnership and have a good relationship with the parents they will take this on easier than if they dont have a very good relationship.

Olay

history Olay is an American skin pull off line. It is one of Procter & Gambles multi-billion dollar mails. For the 2009 fiscal year ended June 30, Olay accounted for an estimated $2. 8 billion of Ps $79 billion in r blushue. Olay originated in South Africa as Oil of Olay. Graham Wulff (1916-2008),1 an ex-Unilever chemist from Durban, started it in 1949. The name Oil of Olay was elect by Wulff as a spin on the word lanolin, a key ingredient. It was alone(p) in the ahead of time days because it was a pink fluid rather than a cream, packaged in a heavy glass bottle.Wulff and his marketing partner, Jack Lowe, a former copywriter, had time-tested the product on their wives and friends and were confident in its uniqueness and quality. Olays marketing was also unique, since it was never described as a moisturizer, nor even as witness fluid. Nowhere on the packaging did it say what the product actually did. Print adverts use copy such as Share the secret of a younger looking you and ta lked about the beauty secret of oil of Olay. Other adverts were written as personal messages to the reader from a fictitious advice editorialist named Margaret Merril.They ran in Readers Digest and newspapers and often looked like editorials. Wulff and Lowe, who ran the company under the banner of Adams National Industries (ANI), did not portion out the product to the trade, simply waited for pharmacies to ask for it based on consumer requests. As the company began to market the product internationally, it was heady to modify the name of the product in each country so it would sound pleasing and pragmatic to consumers. This led to the introduction of Oil of Ulay (UK and Ireland), Oil of Ulan (Australia) and Oil of Olaz (France, Italy, the Netherlands and Germany).In 1970, ANI opened a test market in USA (Chicago), and was expanding into northern Germany. Today The Olay brand has expanded into a range of other products grouped in boutiques including Complete, make out personal effects, Professional, Regenerist, Quench (North America), White Radiance (Asia) and Olay Vitamins (USA). Olay is the market leader in many countries including USA, UK, and China. 2 Olay has extended its hereditary pattern as a moisturizer to stay looking young, to formally creating the anti-aging category in plenty stores with the launch of number do in 1999.Active Hydrating Formula, generally the least expensive variety, bears the closest resemblance to the pink Oil of Olay marketed in the US before the P acquisition. The launch was al or so double the typical price of a mass market moisturizer at the time. Today, there are numerous products in market more(prenominal) expensive than Olay. Olay Regenerist was the crush performing anti-aging cream in a 2006 test done by a consumer association, outperforming some overmuch more expensive brands. 3 This report also stated But the U. S. onsumer union said none of the creams tested produced a dramatic improvement. It advised that staying out of the sun or using skin products with a game sun protection factor was the best option. The consumer union said We found that after 12 weeks our toprated products did unruffled out some fine lines and wrinkles. However, it added Even the best performers reduced the average depth of wrinkles by little than 10 per cent, a magnitude of change was, alas, barely visible to the naked eye. In August 2007, Olay was launched in India.Olays current slogan is Challenge whats possible, which was changed from Love the skin youre in. Since 2010, Oil of OLAZ is called alone OLAZ in German-speaking countries. Slogan Olaz la? t Sie strahlen. (lit Olaz lets you shine. ) The Olay/Olaz brand is known for animal testing, according to a list published by PETA. 4 Marketing strategy Olay Love the Skin You are In strike off Olay Company P&G Agency Saatchi & Saatchi Brand Analysis Count 277 This July P&G launched its grant skin care brand Olay in India.Olay is a $2 Bn global bran d has met with phenomenal conquest in all the markets it entered. Olay was born in the lab of a chemist Mr Graham Wulff in the early 1950s. At that time the brand was named Oil of Olay. Later when P acquired it, the brand was renamed Olay. Olay was available in India as an imported product. Now P directly markets this brand with all the relevant marketing mixes in place. Olay is tapping the premium slice of the Rs 2100 crore Indian skin care market. Olay has launched its first product in the anti-ageing segment with its Total Effects subbrand.Anti-ageing segment is still a niche with a market size of Rs 60 crore. The segment is but growing very fast. Olay has launched its Total Effects anti ageing solution after much consumer explore. It had conducted research on over 6000 ladies of age between 30-69 years from three continents and identified 7 signs of ageing. 1. Fine lines and Wrinkles 2. flagging skin 3. Uneven skin tones. 4. Age spots 5. Appearance of pores 6. Dull skin 7. Dr yness Total Effects is differentiating itself through the presence of the ingredient VitaNiacin.VitaNiacin is a pa tented formulation that contains Niacinamide Vitamin B3 ,Vitamin E and Provitamin B5 Pathenol + sunscreen protection. Olay professedly to the concept of Global Brand and Local strategy has launched itself with a series of promotional campaigns. The brand has the bollywood prima donna Sushmita Sen as the brand ambassador. Currently Olay is running two campaigns in the visual media. One campaign is th Olay brand building campaign featuring Sushmita Sen and another is for the Total Effects moisturizing lotion. Watch the Tvc Total EffectsFor the Total Effects range, the company uses a testimonial type of campaign featuring a Model/TV Anchor. The focus is more on the functional benefits of the product rather than harping on any emotional benefits. The brand is positioned as a brand that celebrates beauty within and outside. The brand worldwide uses the tagline Love the sk in you are in . The brand believes that Looking Good and Feeling Good are inseparable. Loving the skin we are in is the most beautiful feeling of all. Olay Total Effects is priced at Rs 599 for a 50 gm bottle.By Indian standards, this accounts for a premium category. Olay Total Effects is targeting ladies between the age 30 60. Besides this anti-ageing product, Olay has deliverd cleansers, facepack and moisturizing lotions. The brand is expected to introduce its blockbuster range of products in India in a phased manner. The premium skincare segment was in a vacuum ever since HUL decided to cater to the masstige segment by repositioning Lakme and Ponds. Now with P and ITC mischievously looking at premium segment, the market is going to witness a marketing war in days to come.

Breaking the Law

Nowadays hatful think rules is non something important in their life and they ar not following the rules even they break the rules. For them, they can do whatever they wanted in this world beca apply they think this world is belong to them. Their bad behaviors distract people from having a peaceful life. Addition, violence in this world acquire increases and because of that, they cause a lot of stretch out in mean time. There three main causes of breaking the rules and law. One of the main causes is selfishness. The selfish behavior exists because of desire. They do what they wanted. They think with their feet and not their mind.Why I am saying like this? This is because they break the handicraft light rules. For example, right now is a red light and we are supposes to stop the car clench for the next green light but because of selfish behavior. They break the rules and take their risk to do whatever they wanted. Because of this, it may create a disaster, an accident or per haps, could kill someone because of this behavior. There is more, they drive in their own charge or road. For example, this road is one way road but they turn it into 2 ways road. The impact of overcoming accident is heavy and it is totally a big disaster.It not unless could mess the highway but at the same time, they could kill hundreds of innocent people. You intent to go into the right driveway and then the traffic light ahead. But the vehicle in front of you has stopped right in front of you. And its a yellow box. Such selfish drivers do certainly spoil your day. (Yap 2010) blink of an eye main cause is lack of police and their behavior. In Malaysia, we are lack of policeman and there is a plenty of chances for them to break the rules. I would like to compare with the Singapore and American. In Singapore, their policeman work intemperately to protect the country and civilians.In American, policeman wage is a big amount of dollars. Because of that, there are a lot of peo ple wanted to be a policeman. But in Malaysia, policeman salary is too low and because of that, policemen do not work hard to protect the country and people. There is other reason, the reason is their behavior. Most of the policemen are lazy to do their work. This is because they need to repeat the same duty all(prenominal) day. But that is not the reason, some of them, they use the power to do bad thing. For example, spot-check on girls by male policeman. They take opportunity to do their pervert stuff on them. Motorcycles are meant to ferry only two people. Although the law is silent, police do not fancy arresting riders who break the law by placing a young rider in the front basket of the motorcycle. (Yap 2010) Third main cause is deregulation. In Malaysia, people are easy to break the rules because it is too loose. Besides that, governments do not take flagitious in this matter. In Malaysia, they just wanted to have the power in this country. Once they get it, they do not us e the power to take care the country or even protect it. They use the power for their self and they do not even look at their people.The country may be in a good guide but the civil do not like the place with a lot of trouble and violations. At the same time, Malaysian governments promises are not been fulfill. According to a report on Thursday by online news portal MalaysiaKini, the MCMC chief operating(a) officer, Mohamed Sharil Tarmizi, confirmed that the commission was behind the site blackout. It is being blocked because we found that some of the comments on the meshing site were insensitive, bordering on incitement. (Lee 2008) In conclusion, government should take this matter seriously or citizen may pull away trust on them and they could not live in a peaceful life.Day by day, crimes acquiring increase and a lot of trouble going to be exist. Police should do something about it because it is getting worst. They should firm the rules so that people will obey and follow the rules in a right way. At the same time, they must get back the royalty and the trustworthy of citizen. The Malaysia is break into pieces and governments should fix it and get it into function back before citizen take advantage. However, government brain should be wash and be like Dato Mahathir. They way he talks with the citizens love them, and handle the Malaysia is perfect.Perfect enough to make Malaysia in a split up way. As result, citizen may have a peaceful and a great time in Malaysia. At the same time, crimes getting decrease and Malaysia live in peace. We live peacefully alongside one another, and we are very proud of it. You find Muslims, Christians of all denominations Catholics, Protestants we have a lot of Hindus, Buddhists. We also have a lot of people who dont believe in anything but themselves or anyone but themselves, living harmoniously together. I think that is something the world can learn from. (Leslie Evans 2003)

Billie Holiday and her influence on Jazz Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Billie Holiday and her influence on have sex - Essay ExampleThe way she sang was all new to the genre of Jazz at that time and her contributions are still followed by Jazz medical specialtyians in todays time period.There are several legends and myths regarding the personal as considerably as her life as a practice of medicineian. Even though she was surrounded with several scandals and was in trouble for a major portion of her life, he life experiences became the real inspiration of her music. The huge amount of contributions she made to Jazz music can never be forgotten. She can easily be said to have been the unmatched who made major transformations to the way Jazz music was being practiced during her time. If a survey of red-brick Jazz history is conducted, the survey would prove that the Jazz music that is experienced in current generation was her innovation. When she started practicing jazz music, there were hardly any jazz musicians who were personalizing their own tun es. There were only a hardly a(prenominal) vocalisers at her time who were singing different from rest of the singers. These singers were not a part of the Jazz music industry. These singers were representative of the Blues genre of music. One of these singers was Bessie Smith who along with another great Jazz singer and trumpeter named Louis Armstrong influenced Billie Holidays Jazz music (Henderson 295).During her early life she was singing most of the songs that were rather popular. She found this form of music quite monotonous and she started experimenting with her music. During her experiments she altered both the melody as well as the rhythm of the songs. To create her own music, she started phrasing music in relation to the beat and she horizontal included different harmonies that were played by some of her personal favorite horn players including Louis Armstrong (Henderson 295). This mixture of music and experimentation resulted in the development of music that was regar ded as magical. Current Jazz musicians use their own vocals as instruments for songs.

The New Colossus By Emma Lazarus Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The impertinent Colossus By Emma Lazarus - Essay illustrationTherefore, it is evident the poem was meant to offer new hope to the immigrants from the tribulation, miseries, and torture of Europe. She says, Give me your tired, your poor,Your huddled masses desirous to breathe free (Lazarus, Joseph & Emma n.p).According to the history of Emma Lazarus, one will be able to understand that the spate of immigrants. In one of the articles written focusing on her poem, the writer remarked that Emma was not affected by the fruit of Americas racist attitude toward immigrants in her poem. Instead, she involved herself in politicizing the issue of immigrants done turn the American monument into one that has the history of the Jews (Lazarus, Joseph & Emma n.p). The writer noted that Emma had a welcoming gesture that was as a result of her awareness of the persecution of the Jews across the globe. Emma was also interested in Jewish culture through aid them to face the origination since sh e was working with Jewish refugees at the Wards Island immigration center in 1882. These facts upraise that she was advocating for the Jews. The other group of immigrants consisted of different people such as Latin American and was not include in Emmas poem, which campaign to loosen their bondage. This is evident in the poem since Emma was zealous in helping the Jews only. That is why she states, Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me (Lazarus, Joseph & Emma n.p). Also, many writers criticized her poem because they did know the intention that Emma had in advocating for the protection of immigrants.The poem, The New Colossus written by Emma Lazarus was written at the height of immigration, which was happening in America and the world at large.

Presentation on Civil War Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Presentation on Civil fight - Research musical composition ExampleThe southern states felt that it was not the right of the government to decide laws of individual states. This would ultimately pebibyte to the southern states attempting to secede from the Union and become their own independent nation separate from the United States. to the highest degree people know about the federation, the Union, the slavery, and the E mancipation Proclamation, however, there are many other interesting tales and bits of selective information that most every cardinal is unfamiliar with and only makes the study of history all the more intriguing. Question Was the Civil state of war a fight about slavery? Answer The answer is no. Slavery was only one aspect of the civil war. Although the slavery issue was important to many northerners, however, the unions goal as a upstanding was to preserve that Union. If the United States could not remain united then we would never survive as a nation. Unfo rtunately, the southerners saw slaves as property, no more and no less. They could not understand how the federal government could step in in their property issues they did not interfere in the transaction of other tools and livestock (Kelly ). To them this was a war that had infringed upon their rights as individual states. ... That it would be better if the slaves were freed and then be relocated to South America and islands come along Haiti. Lincolns representative even went so far as to put a programme into action and relocated a colony to one such island, however, the soil was spoiled, there was little in the way of shelter, and ultimately the idea was abandoned and forgotten in favor of Lincolns afterwards Emancipation Proclamation (Gaffney). Question What kind of weaponry and artillery was used during the American Civil war? Answer The civil war weaponry included a number of canons and batteries, which are essentially gird wagons, some with as many as 6 barrels apiece, t hat can do an impressive derive of damage. There were a total of 46 different rifles and dozens of revolvers that were used throughout the war, from Remingtons to Colts. By and large, the Union had the advantage when it came to weaponry and artillery, however, the Confederacy had far greater numbers invested than the Union. Sometimes armaments and ammunition would roam out. When this happened many soldiers would then resort to the use of sabers and swords (Smithsonian Institute). Story Did you know that there were submarines in the Civil War? It is true. Many different types of underwater vessels were considered, they proved to be impractical or failed to function. However, both the Union and the Confederacy had successfully designed submarines. The Union decided that their version, called the Intelligent Whale, would not be used in employment another they purchased from the French, the Alligator, also, never saw battle as it was lost at sea. The Confederate submarine called the Hunley, named for the man that designed it, was forty feet long, but less than four feet in

Work at Home and computers Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Work at Home and computers - Research Paper ExampleAs a boundination of the development of computer and internet technologies, it is possible for an India or Pakistani to wee-wee for an Ameri stick out company patch staying at his situation in India or Pakistan. Work At Home is a new term evolved in the professional world only because of the development of computers and internet technologies. This paper analyses the influence of computers on build at home jobs.The contributions of computers and internet are affecting human life both directly and indirectly. legion(predicate) people believe that computers provide the answer to the heavy traffic problems on roads. It is a fact that just about of the major roads in cities are not wide enough to avoid traffic problems, particularly during morning and evening time when most of the professional are either going or exit their offices. If the working professionals are able to work for their organization while staying at their home, traffic problems and pollution problems can be controlled up to certain extent. Thus work at home jobs can indirectly can to the big social problems like heavy traffic and purlieual pollution.The concept of works at home has developed or evolved only because of the arrival of computers or internet. Without computers or internet, it is difficult for a professional to work from his home. Work at home jobs provides immense freedom or flexibility to the individuals in their profession. The homely environment will help professionals to work without any threats from the supervisors. While working in an office, a professional should ever so worry about the supervision of the superiors however while working at home no such worries will haunt the professional. Many of the current working professionals complain that they are unable to achieve work-life equilibrise because of the heavy workloads. Work at home jobs can help the professionals to be with the family always and the complaints about the work-life imbalances could be

Food and migrations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Food and migrations - Essay ExampleBy then, they had no opportunity to put up their restaurants as they were just mere immigrants, and they were still familiarizing with the environment and the culture around. Not long before the K-townspeople started experiencing more or less developments. The large population, demand for food ad accommodation was broad(prenominal), so the restaurants that were present by then were extremely expensive, both in terms of food prices and accommodation. The restaurants operated all night long, and 32nd street was exclusively the best. It had neon- lighten strip and the town was speckled with Karaoke bars and greasy, with restaurants that operated throughout the night, and to date it is absurdly the most expensive retail strips in New York City. It is anticipated that, in a lapse of time, the K-town might be the center of friendship of all the cities in America, given that some restaurants that ar set up in other towns engage the K-Town label in e stablishing themselves. This paper shall succinctly discuss food and migration and particularly focus on Manhattan Koreatown and the roles vie by the restaurants around this place.Community in K-Town,As mentioned in the introduction, Food and migration is a factor that importantly contributed towards the growth the development of the koreatown, better known as k-town. The town is inhabited by diverse people, Koreans, Japanese, Chinese also American inhabitants. In such a case, one would expect that the food available in this place is also remarkably diverse. One has to ensure food is available for all the communities around. Even though, the town is inhabited by various people, Japanese, Asians and Chinese community are in a large population. Its high population also determines the food that is available. At the time, the study was carried out, much about why most of the restaurants are referred to as the Korean restaurants were not conducted. However, from the interviews that

Differentiate a nation, a state, and a nation-state Essay

Differentiate a democracy, a state, and a nation-state - Essay ExampleEthnic nations originate from common races configured by similar traditions. The Japanese grouping of people is an ethnic nation of Yamato. Civic nation entails dissimilar population of different ethnic groups manduction a common belonging. The United States is an exemplary of civic nation since the countrys population is a diverse combination without common ancestry, similar language groups or dominant religion.A state refers to a apt(p) country with self-governing political units that hold elite jurisdiction over a given territory or region. The defining terms of a state include the population, given boundaries, and absolute reign. The mandates of the verbalize country maintains jurisdiction over the given population inside a territory. States or countries are self-directed political units that claim exclusive jurisdiction over furbish upd territories and over all of the people and activities within them (Dahlman & William 410).Different governments lack the power to exercise the absolute authority. As such, the state enhances or forces applicable patterns of a populations activity to obey the rules provided in a certain political map. Cultural aspects define the organization of a said state in any portioning of a state. States exercise absolute sovereignty where a democratic space entails exclusive righteousnesss to the available population. The idea that a state has the exclusive right to rule over a demarcated space and all the people and resources within it is known as sovereignty (Dahlman & William 412). State features include transferred self-governing powers to a central government structure. The population of a state award common identities with related origins.The nation state refers to a given state that rules a region with a population arising from united cultures. The concept of nation states embraces the initial development of nations that later attain protective stat es. The nation state focuses on dominate

Macroeconmics Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Macroeconmics - enclosure Paper Examplegh a combination of stable prices of goods and services across the economy coupled with a low inflation level and level of confidence of the investors in the currency of the country. The Fed comes out with the fiscal policy in order to ensure a certain key objectives like, delivering price stability with a low inflation level coupled with an objective to support the Governments economic objectives of result and employment. To understand how the Fed monitors price related regulations to keep a check on inflation, we may subscribe to a small example of the regulation of house and property prices. To take any decisions related to engagement rates keeping in mind the ongoing inflation rate, the Fed must be ingrained with the booming property prices and must take steps to ensure that the prices are not artificial.Government intervenes by dint of its central bank to regulate the prices of many commodities similarly it also regulates the prices of houses like any other of the essence(predicate) commodity. Fed has the responsibility to keep a check on asset prices including the prices of houses. There keister be a number of reasons why the prices of houses may shoot up, like the simple rule of demand and contribute has a definite impact. (Demand and Supply for Housing).Other reasons behind a change in property prices can be Mortgages. A mortgage is the money borrowed to buy a house, as for most people acquire a house is not easy. Over the years mortgage market has picked up greatly and the reliable scenario is totally different from the one that existed in the beginning. Mortgages were supplied exactly by the building societies. Building societies were non-profit institutions and encouraged only the members for the grant of loans, so the people who were members and had contributed to an extent for a considerable period of time got loans easily and score with building societies became the only means to get mortgages. S oon these societies had to compete with the banks and other financial

Medium Research Methodology Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Medium methodology - Research Paper ExampleA quantitative approach was adopted for this think over. It was vital to impose capital demands on the data take upion. This is in order to study and know how the British national newspapers get to constructed rent potable as a social problem. The interrogation study is primarily and mainly dealing with how have the British national newspapers constructed teardrop drinking as a social problem and not generalised approaches (Iwere, 2010). Additionally, the relationships between the variables leave alone be analyzed in great detail by the explore. The analysis will include testing the variation effect within factors which influence the British national newspapers to construct binge drinking as a social problem. The approach (quantitative) was the most suitable approach for the study since the research question required needed a statistical answer and solution. Critcher, (pg. 154) stated that a quantitative study approach is often ch aracterized by statistical measurements and figures whereas a qualitative approach is best suited for research questions which require a descriptive solution and answer. The research focused on finding the coverage of a small sample of British newspapers on binge drinking. Consequently, a quantitative paradigm was used to collect data for the research because it is more relevant and suitable. This was made up of newspaper articles which were meant and aimed to illustrate the findings of the study from the place of the research participant. To satisfy the demands of depth, the need for detailed information or data about binge drinking and the British media necessitated the use of more newspaper articles. Also, the use of many articles enabled the study to come up with true(p) results and information.

Drug and Substance Abuse among Nursing Professionals Research Paper

Drug and Substance Abuse among Nursing Professionals - Research Paper ExampleThe primary detailor in that influences high drug abuse recognition is the assumption that drug abusers argon either economic each(prenominal)y dispirited or ignorant about the dangers of drugs. Nurses and early(a) health care professionals are taken by alliance as pack who are financially well-up and able to manage stress and depression. The lodge seems to ignore the fact that no one is his or her own doctor. Even those who take care of the social and psychological ineluctably of the society need social and psychological help.Contrary to the general societal misconception, the number of nurses abusing drugs and alcohol has increase over the years. Researchers have found a significant number of nurses who report the lack of moral shop from the society as the major factor that influences them to take drugs. The society seems to be over-expectant on the role of nursing, forgetting that nurses are also human creations and can get depressed. At the same time, a nurse who is found pickings drugs such as alcohol is seen as an irresponsible profession who needs to be fired for being a bad role model to the society. Nurses are expected to be morally upright all the time. The society does not expect them to take drugs and preach against them at the same time.Based on the misconception of the society towards nursing, many health care professionals are forced to take drugs while hiding. They develop the feeling that people will not trust their services if they see them taking alcohol, smoking, or taking any other type of drug that society deems immoral.

Marketing Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Marketing Management - Essay ExampleInternationalization and globalization have make markets competitive and the airline sector in particular, has had to revise its merchandising mix to suit the current trends and node unavoidably. An evaluation of the existing 7Ps of the marketing mix of British Airways (BA) would help develop an integrated one-year marketing dodge. Product the product in the airline sector is more than just the sectors the airline flies to. It in addition has to take into account the airports it operates from, the type of seats on offer, the on-board facilities including food and entertainment. In addition, aligning with guest needs is important. BA flies customers at convenient times to the scoop out located airports across the world. They have the best global connectivity and they have a strong presence in the top tier global cities. The scar customers of BA admit both corporate and the vacuous segment. However, with a focus on the business becomeers, th ey command to promote their new sleeper service (Bahnond, 2004). Nevertheless, they are targeting several segments simultaneously they are also rethinking the leisure segment Pricing Pricing also has to take into account consumer psychology, the sectors, the season (as demand in indisputable sectors are seasonal). However, BA does not believe in cutting costs at the expense of prime(a) (Prokesch, 2000). Even in a cutthroat, mass market there are many would be willing to pay premium price for the services. BA commands premium price as they fill customers value control needs. Place Place in the airline sector refers to the location from where the passengers can access bookings and avail of the services. BA has done away with intermediaries like the travel agents and the purpose is not merely cost reduction. It enables the airline to lay away personal passenger details. Most of their business comes through the internet and very little is derived through telephones or call centre s. Through the internet they are pushing services such as online check-in, fast clutches check, and pre-flight selection (New Media Age, 2004). Through this they target the regular BA travelers and those receptive to new technologies. They have dedicated travel sites for this and the purpose is to communicate the convenience of the web services. This focuses on people who book through the net. Promotion This includes advertising, sales promotion, direct selling and public relations. Again, this could vary depending upon the season, the sector and competition. BAs public relations strategy is supported by values and goals. They try to understand customers better than competitors which is in line with the communications possible action that it is essential to understand the customer and not enough to just listen to the customer (Olorunniwo, Hsu & Udo). To lure the spend makers they have appointed specialized marketing agency. People This, in the airline sector would also include t he staff that delivers the service. The customer facing staff at BA is passionate about delivering outstanding customer service. To promote organizational values among people they have a Owning Our Future program which every employee end-to-end the organization has to undergo at some point (Summerfield, 2005). People should understand the business direction, the business environs which would help them understand how the business can be taken forward. Process This refers to the automation